--- title: "Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): CKD Risk Factor" description: Acute kidney injury is recognized as a major risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Take a look at these insights from the 2018 USRDS Annual Data Report. image: https://blog.transonic.com/hubfs/GettyImages-537645661%20(1).jpg --- [![Customer Login](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/40716/9ebb5f25-e3e3-45fd-b525-1b9073c47d36.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/40716/9ebb5f25-e3e3-45fd-b525-1b9073c47d36) [![Transonic_logo-456](https://blog.transonic.com/hs-fs/hubfs/email-assets/newsletter/Transonic_logo-456.png?width=190&height=50&name=Transonic_logo-456.png "Transonic_logo-456")](https://www.transonic.com/) [![Talk with an Expert](https://no-cache.hubspot.com/cta/default/40716/44c87484-21b7-4747-832d-28806f592c2d.png)](https://cta-redirect.hubspot.com/cta/redirect/40716/44c87484-21b7-4747-832d-28806f592c2d) ![mail-icon](https://blog.transonic.com/hubfs/Transonic_2019/Images/mail-icon.png) ## Hear more from our team: - [** ](https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https://blog.transonic.com/hemodialysis/acute-kidney-injury-ckd-risk-factor&title=Acute%20Kidney%20Injury%20(AKI):%20CKD%20Risk%20Factor&picture=https://cdn2.hubspot.net/hubfs/40716/GettyImages-537645661%20%281%29.jpg&description=Acute%20kidney%20injury%20is%20recognized%20as%20a%20major%20risk%20factor%20for%20the%20development%20of%20chronic%20kidney%20disease%20(CKD).%20Take%20a%20look%20at%20these%20insights%20from%20the%202018%20USRDS%20Annual%20Data%20Report.) - [**](http://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https://blog.transonic.com/hemodialysis/acute-kidney-injury-ckd-risk-factor&title=Acute%20Kidney%20Injury%20(AKI):%20CKD%20Risk%20Factor&summary=Acute%20kidney%20injury%20is%20recognized%20as%20a%20major%20risk%20factor%20for%20the%20development%20of%20chronic%20kidney%20disease%20(CKD).%20Take%20a%20look%20at%20these%20insights%20from%20the%202018%20USRDS%20Annual%20Data%20Report.) - - [**](mailto:?subjetc=&body=Acute+Kidney+Injury+%28AKI%29%3A+CKD+Risk+Factor%20-%20https://blog.transonic.com/hemodialysis/acute-kidney-injury-ckd-risk-factor) # Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): CKD Risk Factor By [Susan Eymann, MS](https://blog.transonic.com/hemodialysis/author/susan-eymann-ms)02 Sep 2019 *(Gleaned from the 2018 USRDS Annual Data Report: Volume 1, Chapter 5: [www.usrds.org)](about:blank)* Acute kidney injury (AKI), also called acute renal failure, is a rapid loss of kidney function. It is a common complication among hospitalized patients and is associated with both morbidity and mortality. ![GettyImages-537645661 (1)](https://blog.transonic.com/hs-fs/hubfs/GettyImages-537645661%20(1).jpg?width=300&name=GettyImages-537645661%20(1).jpg) Among survivors of AKI, AKI is recognized as a major risk factor for the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Studies have demonstrated a significantly increased long-term risk of CKD and ESRD following AKI, even after kidney function recovers initially. Furthermore, this relationship is bidirectional — CKD patients are at substantially higher risk for AKI. As a result, AKI is frequently superimposed on CKD and can contribute significantly to the progression of CKD. Highlights of the Report: - In 2016, 4.4% of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries experienced a hospitalization complicated by AKI, double that (2.2%) in 2006. - Age is a major risk factor for AKI. It also increases in the presence of comorbidities such as chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). About 1 in 5 hospitalized Medicare patients with both CKD and DM experience a hospitalization with AKI each year. - Among hospitalized veterans age 22 and up, 25.4% met the guidelines for AKI. This included 21.4%, 0.8%, and 3.2% of patients with Stage 1, Stage 2, and Stage 3 AKI. Just over half (52.6%) of patients who met the criteria for AKI were diagnosed with AKI. - In 2014, Medicare patients age 66 and up who were hospitalized for AKI had a 36% cumulative probability of a recurrent AKI hospitalization within one year. - Among Medicare patients without a pre-existing diagnosis of CKD, 30.8% were given a new diagnosis of CKD in the year following an AKI hospitalization. Among Medicare patients with a “new” diagnosis of CKD in 2016, 25% had an AKI hospitalization in the preceding year. - Among Medicare patients age 66 and up with a first AKI hospitalization in 2016, the in-hospital mortality rate was 8.2%, or 13.2% when including discharge to hospice. Comparable mortality rates for non-AKI hospitalizations were 1.8% and 3.8%. Less than half of all patients returned to their home on discharge, as compared to two-thirds of non-AKI patients, while 30.1% were discharged to an institution such as rehabilitation or skilled nursing facilities. 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